Activate the yeast: In the bowl of a stand mixer or a large mixing bowl, combine warm water and sugar. Sprinkle the yeast over the top and let it sit for 5-10 minutes, until foamy and bubbly.

Make the dough: Add salt and flour to the bowl. If using a stand mixer, use the dough hook attachment and knead on low speed for 5-7 minutes, until the dough forms a smooth, elastic ball. If kneading by hand, turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and knead for 8-10 minutes, until it's smooth and elastic.

Let the dough rise (optional): Place the dough in a lightly oiled bowl, turning to coat. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap or a clean kitchen towel and let it rise in a warm place for 30 minutes.

Preheat the oven to 450°F (232°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or a silicone baking mat.

Shape the pretzel bites: Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface. Divide the dough in half. Roll each half into a long rope, about 1 inch thick. Use a knife or pizza cutter to cut the ropes into 1-inch pieces.

Prepare the baking soda bath: In a large pot, bring 8 cups of water to a boil. Carefully add the baking soda. Be careful as the water will fizz up.

Boil the pretzel bites: Using a slotted spoon or spider, carefully drop the pretzel bites into the boiling water, a few at a time. Let them cook for 30-60 seconds.

Remove the pretzel bites from the water and place them on the prepared baking sheet, ensuring they are not touching each other.

Egg wash: In a small bowl, beat the egg. Brush the top of each pretzel bite with the egg wash.

Sprinkle with salt: Sprinkle the pretzel bites with coarse salt.

Bake: Bake the pretzel bites for 10-12 minutes, or until they're golden brown and cooked through. Keep a close eye on them, as they can burn easily.

Remove the pretzel bites from the oven and let them cool slightly before serving. Serve warm.